Rangkuman Materi Bahasa Inggris Kelas 12 Bab 5
Chapter 5 : Who was Involved?
News Item
News item is the text that tell us about news currently happened around us.
(News item adalah teks yang memberitahu kita tentang berita terbaru yang terjadi di sekitar kita)
So, the social function of news item to inform about an event that is important and worthy of being made news to the general public.
(Jadi fungsi sosial dari news item untuk menginformasikan tentang suatu kejadian yang penting dan berharga untuk disampaikan kepada publik)
Structure of News Item
Structure of news item is:
(Struktur dari news item adalah: )
- Newsworthy Event
- Main Event / Elaboration
- Source
Newsworthy event mean background of the event such as what, where, and when it’s happened. Like introduction.
(Newsworthy event berarti latar belakang tentang suatu kejadian yang diusung, seperti apa, dimana, dan kapan terjadi. Seperti pendahuluan)
Main Event mean the event explained more in detail so reader can understand what happened.
(Pada main event berarti kejadian tersebut dijelaskan secara rinci sehingga pembaca paham apa yang sedang terjadi)
Source mean explanation about from where the news is achieved.
(Source berarti penjelasan tentang dari mana berita tersebut didapatkan)
Direct and Indirect Speech (Reported Speech)
On this chapter we are going to learn about direct and indirect speech as the part of news item.
(Pada bab ini kita juga akan mempelajari tentang direct dan indirect speech sebagai bagian dari news item)
To change from direct into indirect speech is quite tricky, because you need to remember the changes of tenses.
(Untuk mengubah dari direct menjadi indirect speech susah susah gampanag, karena kalian harus mengingat perubahan tenses nya)
We will through one by one of tenses, get ready.
(Kita akan membahas satu per satu dari setiap tenses, yuk kita mulai)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Simple Present Tense
If the direct speech form in simple present tense, then the indirect speech will be use simple past tense.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentuk simple present tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk simple past tense)
Example:
Direct speech : “I work as teacher” he said.Indirect speech: He said that he worked as teacher.
You may asked why “I” turn become “he”?
(Kamu mungkin bertanya mengapa “I” berubah menjadi “he”)
Please look carefuly the person who said is “he”.
(Perhatikan baik-baik orang yang berbicara adalah “he”)
So every word “I” will change into the person who speak there.
(Jadi setiap kata “I” akan berubah menjadi nama orang yang berbicara)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Present Continuous
If the direct speech form in present continuous tense, then the indirect speech will be use past continuous tense.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentukpresent continuous tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk past continuous tense)
Example:
Direct speech : “I am cooking a dinner” she said.Indirect speech: She said that she was cooking a dinner.
In this example you may notice that “am” changed into “was”.
(Dalam contoh ini kamu mungkin sadar bahwa “am” berubah menjadi “was”)
That because in continuous “to be” for present changed become “to be” for past.
(Itu karena dalam continuous “to be” untuk present berubah menjadi “to be” untuk past)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Present Perfect Tense
If the direct speech form in present perfect tense, then the indirect speech will be use past perfect tense.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentuk present perfect tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk past perfect tense)
Example:
Direct speech : “I have founded a treasure” Jaka said.Indirect speech: Jaka said that he had founded a treasure.
This quite simple, we just need to change “have” become “had”.
(Ini gampang, kita hanya perlu mengubah “have” menjadi “had”)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Present Perfect Continuous Tense
If the direct speech form in present perfect continuous tense, then the indirect speech will be use past perfect continuous tense.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentuk present perfect continuous tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk past perfect continuous tense)
Example:
Direct speech : “I have been searching the book” Salsa said.Indirect speech: Salsa said that she had been searching the book.
This quite simple, we just need to change “have” become “had”.
(Ini gampang, kita hanya perlu mengubah “have” menjadi “had”)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Simple Past Tense
If the direct speech form in simple past tense, then the indirect speech will be use past perfect tense.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentuk simple past tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk past perfect tense)
Example:
Direct speech : “I took Jaka to home” Salsa said.Indirect speech: Salsa said that she had taken Jaka to home.
Here is really simple too, we just need to change verb 2 into verb 3 but add “had” exactly before verb 3.
(Sangat mudah kok, kita hanya perlu mengubah verb 2 menjadi verb 3, tapi sebelumnya tambahkan “had” tepat sebelum verb 3 nya)
Direct to Indirect Speech if Direct Speech in Future Tense
If the direct speech form in future tense, then the indirect speech will be use conditional.
(Jika direct speech nya berbentuk future tense, maka indirect speech nya akan berbentuk conditional)
Example:
Direct speech : “I will be in Jakarta soon.” Dani said.Indirect speech:Dani said that he would be in Jakarta soon.
As you can see, the change only “will” become “would”.
(Seperti yang dapat kamu lihat, yang berubah hanya “will” menjadi “would”)